膝の痛み，股関節の痛み : ロコモティブシンドロームと関節

“Locomotive syndrome” is the generic term for disability-free life expectancy and locomotive organ health in advanced people, in other words, becoming bedridden or demented and thus requiring nursing care.
The main cause of locomotive syndrome has two reasons ; one is spontaneous disability related to aging and the other one is locomotive organ disease, such as joint disorders, spinal disorders, osteoporosis or rheumatoid arthritis.
We describe the hip joint and the knee joint in this paper because these two joints are critical joints to stand and walk.
Hip joint
The hip joint is the biggest joint for human, and the most important part in supporting the body weight and walking smoothly.
The hip join is the type of spheroidal or ball and socket joint where the femoral head and the acetabulum covered the cartilage tissue. The hip joint is supported by the ligaments, the tendons and muscles. Hip osteoarthritis is caused by deterioration of articular cartilage.
Medications are one of the treatment with hip osteoarthritis for the mild cases.
Total hip replacement is a surgical procedure which is the new acetabular and femoral components implanted for the severe cases.
Knee joint
The knee joint is between the femur and the tibia or between the femur and the patella. The knee joint is a hinge joint having flexion and extension motion.
The ligaments surrounding the knee joint offer stability. The muscles are also supporting the body weight and walking smoothly.
The knee pain frequently arises due to osteoarthritis. The causes of osteoarthritis are excessive motion and combination such as muscle weakness and overweight.
Knee osteoarthritis treatments are aimed at decreasing pain, preserving or improving joint function, and limiting joint deformity and disability. Effective osteoarthritis treatments include medications, injections and joint surgery
It is important that we aware of diseases of the locomotive organs, people require knowledge about how to keep those organs in good health.

四国医学雑誌 : http://www.tokushima-u.ac.jp/med/research/shikoku_acta_medica.html