ID | 116242 |
Author |
Koga, Takeru
Tokushima University
Sakamoto, Takaiku
Tokushima University
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Sakuradani, Eiji
Tokushima University
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Tai, Akihiro
Tokushima University
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Keywords | Alzheimer’s disease
sunflower seed
NGF
β-sitosterol
neurite outgrowth-promoting activity
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Content Type |
Journal Article
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Description | In the current super-aging society, the establishment of methods for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an urgent task. One of the causes of AD is thought to be a decrease in the revel of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the brain. Compounds showing NGF-mimicking activity and NGF-enhancing activity have been examined as possible agents for improving symptoms. In the present study, sunflower seed extract was found to have neurite outgrowth-promoting activity, which is an NGF-enhancing activity, in PC12 cells. To investigate neurite outgrowth-promoting compounds from sunflower seed extract, bioassay-guided purification was carried out. The purified active fraction was obtained by liquid-liquid partition followed by some column chromatographies. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of the purified active fraction indicated that the fraction was a mixture of β-sitosterol, stigmasterol and campesterol, with β-sitosterol being the main component. Neurite outgrowth-promoting activities of β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and cholesterol were evaluated in PC12 cells. β-Sitosterol and stigmasterol showed the strongest activity of the four sterol compounds (β-sitosterol ≈ stigmasterol > campesterol > cholesterol), and cholesterol did not show any activity. The results indicated that β-sitosterol was the major component responsible for the neurite outgrowth-promoting activity of sunflower seeds. Results of immunostaining also showed that promotion by β-sitosterol of neurite formation induced by NGF was accompanied by neurofilament expression. β-Sitosterol, which showed NGF-enhancing activity, might be a candidate ingredient in food for prevention of AD.
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Journal Title |
Molecules
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ISSN | 14203049
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Publisher | MDPI
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Volume | 25
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Issue | 20
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Start Page | 4748
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Published Date | 2020-10-16
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Rights | This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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DOI (Published Version) | |
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language |
eng
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TextVersion |
Publisher
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departments |
Bioscience and Bioindustry
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