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ID 111205
Title Alternative
Analysis of Chemical Species of Water-Insoluble Sulfur Compounds in Rime Ice and Snow and Long-range Transfer Mechanism of Coal Burning Emissions under Winter Monsoon Conditions
Author
Kamimura, Takeshi Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation
Kodama, Kenji Rigaku Corporation
Keywords
イオウ化学形態
無機小球体粒子
石炭
長距離輸送
樹氷
Sulfur speciation
Inorganic small sphere
Coal
Long-range transfer
Rime
Snow
Content Type
Journal Article
Description
 樹氷と雪の中の非水溶性イオウ化合物の化学形態別分析と東アジアの石炭燃焼排出物の冬期モンスーン下での長距離輸送機構の同定法についてまとめた.単一分光結晶を用いた波長分散型蛍光エックス線装置による樹氷や雪の濾過物であるメンブレンフィルター上の薄膜分析を行った.S-Kα 線の化学シフトからイオウの化学状態別分析が可能であった.樹氷と雪の試料に限ってはカルシウム濃度とイオウ濃度からも化学状態分析が可能であった.卓上型の低真空走査電子顕微境エネルギー分散型X 線分光法(SEM-EDX)を用いて濾過薄膜中の無機小球体粒子(主に石炭フライアッシュ)の一粒子分析を行った.レーダーチャートパターンから5 種類のカテゴリーが見つかり,かつ,24 h 後方流跡線から発生域を中国華北,北東中国,朝鮮半島,黒竜江省-ロシア沿海地方,および日本を発生域に特定することを提案した.溶存成分中のCd,Pb,非海塩性硫酸イオンのモル比からそれらの発生域を特定できることもわかった.これらは,中国炭のイオウ同位体比,日本における鉛同位体比からの地域分けと一致した.
Description Alternative
We have conducted the analysis of chemical species of water-insoluble sulfur compounds in rime ice and snow and used the analysis to propose a long-range transport mechanism for coal-burning emissions in East Asia under winter monsoon conditions. Thin films of insoluble substances included in rime ice and snow on a 0.45 μm pore size membrane filter were analyzed by wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry with single dispersive crystal. Using this approach, we could analyze the sulfur-containing chemical species by examining the chemical shift of the S-Kα line. The chemical species containing sulfur were analyzed exclusively from the Ca and S concentrations in the residues of rime ice and snow. Single-particle analysis of the thin film on the membrane filter was performed for particles with size below 3 μm using a tabletop low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy instrument. Particles were classified into six categories according to their compositions. Five major categories of spider chart distribution patterns were identified, and we proposed that they depended on the 24-hour back trajectory, such as Huabei, China, Northeast China, Korea Peninsula, Heilongjiang-Russia, and Japan types. We could assign the generating area of the air pollutants using the mole ratios of water-soluble Cd, Pb, and nss-SO42−species. These categories corresponded with the areas in China based on the isotope ratio of sulfur in Chinese coal and the isotope ratio of Pb collected in Japan.
Journal Title
Advances in X-Ray Chemical Analysis, Japan
ISSN
09117806
NCID
AN0000592X
Publisher
日本分析化学会
Volume
49
Start Page
125
End Page
142
Published Date
2018-03-31
Rights
©公益社団法人日本分析化学会X線分析研究懇談会
EDB ID
FullText File
language
jpn
TextVersion
Publisher
departments
Science and Technology