Total for the last 12 months
number of access : ?
number of downloads : ?
ID 116027
Title Alternative
Fate of an Infectious ERV in Wild and Domestic Cats
Author
Ngo, Minh Ha Yamaguchi University
Arnal, MaríaCruz Universidad de Zaragoza
Sumi, Ryosuke Yamaguchi University
Kawasaki, Junna Yamaguchi University
Grant, Chris K. Custom Monoclonals International
de Luco, Daniel Fernández Universidad de Zaragoza
Nishigaki, Kazuo Yamaguchi University
Keywords
ERV-DC
endogenous retrovirus
Fv-4
FeLV
Felis
MuLV
domestic cat
domestication
evolution
wildcat
Content Type
Journal Article
Description
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) of domestic cats (ERV-DCs) are one of the youngest feline ERV groups in domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus); some members are replication competent (ERV-DC10, ERV-DC18, and ERV-DC14), produce the antiretroviral soluble factor Refrex-1 (ERV-DC7 and ERV-DC16), or can generate recombinant feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Here, we investigated ERV-DC in European wildcats (Felis silvestris silvestris) and detected four loci: ERV-DC6, ERV-DC7, ERV-DC14, and ERV-DC16. ERV-DC14 was detected at a high frequency in European wildcats; however, it was replication defective due to a single G → A nucleotide substitution, resulting in an E148K substitution in the ERV-DC14 envelope (Env). This mutation results in a cleavage-defective Env that is not incorporated into viral particles. Introduction of the same mutation into feline and murine infectious gammaretroviruses resulted in a similar Env dysfunction. Interestingly, the same mutation was found in an FeLV isolate from naturally occurring thymic lymphoma and a mouse ERV, suggesting a common mechanism of virus inactivation. Refrex-1 was present in European wildcats; however, ERV-DC16, but not ERV-DC7, was unfixed in European wildcats. Thus, Refrex-1 has had an antiviral role throughout the evolution of the genus Felis, predating cat exposure to feline retroviruses. ERV-DC sequence diversity was present across wild and domestic cats but was locus dependent. In conclusion, ERVs have evolved species-specific phenotypes through the interplay between ERVs and their hosts. The mechanism of viral inactivation may be similar irrespective of the evolutionary history of retroviruses. The tracking of ancestral retroviruses can shed light on their roles in pathogenesis and host-virus evolution.
Journal Title
Journal of Virology
ISSN
10985514
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Volume
93
Issue
24
Start Page
e01324-19
Published Date
2019-11-26
EDB ID
DOI (Published Version)
URL ( Publisher's Version )
FullText File
language
eng
TextVersion
Publisher
departments
Medical Sciences
Bioscience and Bioindustry