臨地実習で糖尿病患者を受け持った学生の学びの分析

学士課程３年次での成人看護学実習で，糖尿病患者を受け持った看護学生（以下，学生）３４名の学びの内容について検討することを目的に，学生の記述したレポート内容を質的帰納的に分析した．その結果，４カテゴリー（「療養行動が主体的に実践できるための具体的な支援方法」「学生が感じた困難感や達成感」「療養生活支援のために必要な看護技術」「療養生活を送る対象の理解」）と１７サブカテゴリーが抽出された．学生は糖尿病患者を理解し，療養生活行動が主体的に行えるための支援方法を考えていた．そして，患者の行動変容を目指した介入の難しさを実感しながら，患者が主体的に療養行動を実践できるように支援することの大切さについて考え，学生としての立場での看護実践の喜びを感じていた．今後は，学生の学びについて，個々の事例ごとの確認を丁寧に行いながら，学びの内容を卒業時の到達目標と照らし合わせて確認する方法を考案することの必要性が示唆された．

Purpose : To clarify what nursing students（hereafter referred to as students）learned during their clinical practice experiences with individuals with diabetes mellitus.
Methods : Subjects were 34 nursing students enrolled in a bachelor program. Following clinical practice in adult nursing, data were obtained from students’ written reports on what they learned during nursing interventions for individuals with diabetes mellitus. Data were analyzed inductively.
Results : Four categories and 17 sub-categories were extracted. The 4 categories were : “concrete nursing interventions for helping individuals with diabetes mellitus carry out their daily regimen”, “students’ feelings of difficulty and satisfied after the clinical practices”, “the necessity of nursing arts for facilitating a daily regimen”, and “knowledge about individuals with diabetes mellitus.”
Conclusions : Through nursing practices, the students learned about individuals with diabetes mellitus and nursing interventions for individuals with diabetes mellitus. These findings suggest that teachers should carefully confirm what students learned in terms of both quality and quantity. Such confirmation ensures that students learn nursing interventions that are suitable for individuals with diabetes mellitus, and how to practically apply such nursing interventions. These findings will contribute to the improvement of nursing practices and education.