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ID 118514
Title Alternative
女性尿失禁に対する手術治療
SURGERY FOR URINARY INCONTINENCE TO IMPROVE WOMEN'S HEALTH AND LONGEVITY
Author
Keywords
腹圧性尿失禁
尿道スリング手術
切迫性尿失禁
ボツリヌス毒素膀胱壁内注入療法
stress urinary incontinence
mid-urethral sling
urge urinary incontinence
intravesical botulinum toxin injection
Content Type
Journal Article
Description
尿失禁は女性の約50%が一生のうちに一度は経験するとされ,その半数は腹圧性尿失禁(SUI: Stress Urinary Incontinence)である。骨盤底筋トレーニングが第一選択であるが,中等症以上や軽症でもQOLが低下している場合には,中部尿道スリング手術(MUS: Mid Urethral Sling)がゴールドスタンダードとなる。MUSには,恥骨後式のTVT(Tension-free vaginal Tape)と経閉鎖孔式のTOT(Transobturator Tape)があり,ともに成功率は高い。手術手技は比較的容易だが,テープ張力の調整は手術の成否に関わり,注意を要する。QOL疾患であり,手術に対する患者の期待も大きく,術前からの適切な症例の選択,十分な説明が必要である。
難治性の切迫性尿失禁(UUI: Urge Urinary Incontinence)に対しては,ボツリヌス毒素の膀胱壁内注入療法が2019年より保険適用となった。外来で実施可能であり,安全性も高く,治療成績も良好である。
内因性括約筋不全(ISD: Intrinsic Sphincter Deficiency)症例に対する尿道周囲注入術は有効であるが,本邦では使用可能なbulking agent がない。海外で認可されているシリコン粒子やポリアクリルアミドゲル,男性患者に承認がある自己皮下脂肪組織由来再生幹細胞の実用化が期待される。今後10年で尿失禁患者の治療の選択肢が増加し,さらに高齢女性の健康長寿に貢献できることを切に願っている。
Description Alternative
About 50% of women experience urinary incontinence at least once during their lifetime, and half of these patients suffer from stress urinary incontinence. Pelvic floor muscle training is the first choice, but for patients with moderate to severe incontinence or mild incontinence but poor quality of life, mid-urethral sling (MUS) surgery is the gold standard. MUS can be performed with either TVT (Tension-free vaginal tape) or TOT (Transobturator tape), both of which have high success rates. The surgical technique is relatively easy, but the adjustment of tape tension is critical to the success or failure of the procedure and requires careful attention. Urinary incontinence decreases QOL, and patients have high expectations regarding surgery, so it is necessary to select the appropriate case and provide sufficient explanation prior to surgery.
For refractory urge urinary incontinence, intravesical botulinum toxin injections have been covered by insurance since 2020. This treatment can be performed on an outpatient basis, is safe, and has good outcomes.
Periurethral injection is effective for patients with intrinsic sphincter deficiency, but there is no bulking agent available in Japan. It is expected that silicone particles, polyacrylamide gels and regenerative stem cells derived from autologous subcutaneous adipose tissue will be put to practical use. It is our sincere hope that the next decade will bring more treatment options for patients with urinary incontinence and further contribute towards the health and longevity of elderly women.
Journal Title
The Nishinihon Journal of Urology
ISSN
00290726
NCID
AN0018386X
Publisher
西日本泌尿器科学会
Volume
85
Issue
5
Start Page
277
End Page
283
Published Date
2023-06
EDB ID
FullText File
language
jpn
TextVersion
Publisher
departments
University Hospital
Medical Sciences