看護学生用リフレクション自己評価尺度の開発 : 信頼性・妥当性の検討

本研究の目的は，看護学生用リフレクション自己評価尺度を開発し，その信頼性と妥当性を検討することである．Gibbs のExperiential Learning CycleのReflective cycleを理論的基盤として，「リフレクション自己評価尺度」原案を作成した．看護学生１５０人を対象に，臨地実習終了後，「リフレクティブジャーナル」を使用したリフレクションを実施後，「リフレクション自己評価尺度」原案の回答を求めた．探索的因子分析で尺度原案を修正し，８項目，「意識変容・行動計画」，「評価・分析」，「記述・表現」の３因子構造であることを確認した．共分散構造分析による検証的因子分析を行った結果，探索的因子分析で得られた仮説モデルの適合度が確認された（GFI＝０．９０３，AGFI＝０．７９５，CFI＝０．８９４）．尺度の信頼性については，▯係数が０．７７であり，項目分析から内的一貫性を確認した．妥当性については，因子がGibbsのReflective cycleと類似していることから内容的妥当性を，職業的アイデンティティ尺度と批判的思考態度尺度の相関から基準関連妥当性を確認した．「リフレクション自己評価尺度」はある程度の信頼性と妥当性を備えた尺度であり，リフレクションの自己評価のための測定ツールとして，有用な尺度であることが示唆された．

The purposes of this study were to develop the Reflection and Self-Assessment （RSA） scale for basic nursing education in Japan, and to examine its reliability and validity. The original RSA scale was developed based on Gibbs's “Reflective Cycle of Experiential Learning Cycle”. Participants were １５０ nursing students. They were responding to the questionnaires original RSA scale after their clinical practice at hospitals. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on a sample of these students, and original RSA scale was revised. The following three factors were finally extracted : Alteration of consciousness/action plan, evaluation/analysis, and description/expression. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted by analyzing covariance structures and the hypothesized statistical model was found to fit the actual data （GFI＝０．９０３, AGFI＝０．７９５, CFI＝０．８９４）. The reliability of the scale was confirmed by a Cronbach's alpha of ０．７７ and internal consistency from an item analysis. The content validity was confirmed by the factors resembled with Gibbs's reflective cycle, and the criterion-related validity was confirmed by interventions using the professional identity scale and the critical thinking disposition scale. The hypothetical model supported from above results. The final８‐item scale demonstrated both reliability and validity. It was suggested that the revised RSA scale has a certain reliability and validity. The scale was useful for reflective self-assessment.