トラウマ体験の有無とその構造化開示が心身機能に及ぼす影響

The purposes of this study were to compare health, cognitive functioning, and negative rumination between individuals who have experienced trauma and those who do not, and to examine the effect of structured disclosure of trauma on posttraumatic stress reactions (PTSR), health, and cognitive functioning. In Study Ⅰ, participants were 24 undergraduates at 9 or more scores of Impact of Event Scale(IES), which measures PTSR(the trauma group), and 15 undergraduates with no trauma (the no trauma group). Results showed that the trauma group was more unhealthy and ruminative than the no trauma group. In Study Ⅱ, participants in the trauma group were randomly assigned into three groups: the structured disclosure group(n=9), the free disclosure group(n=8), and the control group(n=7). Participants in the structured disclosure group were asked to write adaptive thought of the event. The free disclosure group wrote the deepest emotion and thought about the trauma freely. The control group wrote their plan after the experiment without emotion. Results showed that all the participants in the groups revealed significantly improvement in PTSR, mental health, and cognitive functioning from pre assessment to 1 month follow-up assessment. Results of this study were discussed in connection with previous studies.