トラウマの構造化開示が心身機能に及ぼす影響 : 外傷後成長の検討

The purpose of this study was to examine effects of the structured disclosure of trauma on physical and mental function, and posttraumatic growth (PTG). In this study, we revised structured disclosure to promote confrontation to traumatic memory. Participants were 26 undergraduates at 9 or more scores of Impact of Event Scale (IES) which measures posttraumatic stress reactions (PTSR). They were randomly assigned into three groups: the structured disclosure group (n=10), the free disclosure group (n=6), and the control group (n=10). Participants in the structured disclosure group were asked to write adaptive thought of the event. The free disclosure group wrote the deepest emotion and thought about the trauma freely. The control group wrote their plan after the experiment without emotion. All the participants were asked to write for 20 minutes on 3 days. Results showed that all groups revealed significantly improvement in PTSR from pre assessment to 3 month follow-up assessment. Although the biggest effect size (ES ) was calculated in the structured disclosure group, significant difference with the control group was not found. Though neither significant main effect nor interaction was found in PTG, result of comparison of the ES of PTG showed that the free disclosure group had a medium ES . It is suggested that confrontation and cognitive reappraisal are necessary together in written disclosure.