自転車の道路通行システムの変遷

本研究は，自転車の普及や法的整備の歴史から，道路通行システムにおける自転車の位置付けと通行実態の変遷を明らかにすることで，自転車の歩道通行の常態化や双方向通行の要因について一示唆を得ることを目指す．まず，各法制度の変遷から，1970年と1978年の道路交通法改正が自転車の位置付けの変化点であることを明らかにした．次に，1960年から1985年の自転車通行状況を写した写真や映像資料からデータベースを作成し自転車の道路通行実態の変遷を把握した結果，改正前は自転車の車道・左側走行が浸透していたが，1970年の道路交通法改正後に歩道走行が出現し，1978年の道路交通法改正後に車道走行が減少し歩道走行が増加したことがわかった．また，利用目的と道路交通法に基づいた道路通行システムやルールの曖昧さと周知不足が，自転車の歩道通行の常態化や双方向通行の要因である可能性を示唆した．

The aim of this study is to understand the transition and the actual condition on the traffic system of bicycles by the spread of bicycles and the change of the legal system, in order to consider the factor that brought the current bicycle traffic situation. As a result, it is cleared that, as a transition about traffic system of bicycles, the revision of the Road Traffic Act in 1970 and 1978 became a point of change in the positioning of bicycles, and it brought the present bicycle traffic situation. To understand the actual condition of bicycle traffic system, a database was built from photograph and video materials during the perion of 1960 to 1985 . The actual condition of the traffic system of the bicycle, the bicycle roadway, bicycling on the left side had penetrated before the revised period, but from the beginning of revision period, bicycling on the sidewalk and on right side of the roadway had appeared. It was revealed that bicycling on the roadway decreased and on the sidewalk increased, as bicycling on the sidewalk was permitted in the second revised period. In addition, the authors suggested that the lack of understanding or discordance with the characteristics of bicyle as avehicle on the bicycle traffic system and rules based on the Road Traffic Act may be factors wich brought the bicycling on the sidewalk and two way running.

掲載巻号の別名：土木計画学研究・論文集第35巻

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