SARSの基礎と臨床 : 院内感染対策を中心に

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome （SARS） affected more than ８０００ patients and caused ７７４ deaths in the world. A novel coronavirus was identified as the causative agent and named as SARS-coronavirus. Infected persons initially show the full-like symptoms such as fever, chill, myalgia and malaise, and subsequently respiratory symptoms including cough and dyspnea occur. In some patients, a watery diarrhea also appears. About １０ to ２０％ of patients requires the admission and mechanical ventilation. The mortality rate was as high as １０％. On the other hand, nasocomial transmission was a prominent feature of SARS. Transmission of SARS mainly occures through large droplets and direct contact. However, the evidence for airbone transmission in SARS was also reported. To prevent nasocomial transmission, a proper use of personal protective equipment （PPE） including N９５ respirator, gloves, gown and face shield in addition to standard precaution. Here we review basic and clinical aspects of SARS, and present SARS infection control in Tokushima University Hospital.

四国医学雑誌 : http://www.tokushima-u.ac.jp/med/research/shikoku_acta_medica.html