急性呼吸不全を合併した免疫不全患者に対する呼吸療法がICU転帰に与える影響 : NPPVとHFNCの比較

Background : Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation （NPPV） is highly recommended for immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure. In this population it remains uncertain, however, whether high flow nasal canula（HFNC）is as beneficial as NPPV. Methods : We retrospectively studied immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure admitted to our ICU from ２０１１ to ２０１８. The background and clinical outcomes of patients initially treated with HFNC and NPPV were compared. Results : Upon admission, １２ patients were treated with HFNC and １０ with NPPV. While the length of ICU stay was significantly shorter in HFNC group （HFNC４．６days vs. NPPV１３．８days, p=０．０２）, no intergroup difference was seen in ICU mortality （１６．７％ vs.３０．０％, p=０．４６）or intubation rate（３３．３％ vs.５０．０％, p=０．４３）. Conclusions : For immunocompromised patients with acute respiratory failure, HFNC may be an alternative to NPPV. Further prospective investigation is warranted.