沼田川の氾濫により浸水被害を受けた三原市内の高齢者施設の災害対応

平成30年7月豪雨では広島県の沼田川流域で堤防からの溢水や決壊が生じ，三原市内の複数の高齢者施設で浸水被害が発生した．そこで，被災した3施設を対象に被害状況，水害発生時の避難行動，被災後の業務再開状況等について聞き取り調査を実施した．また，聞き取り調査から得られた浸水過程や避難行動を確認し，詳細分析を行うため，各施設周辺の浸水痕跡調査及び沼田川流域を対象とした河川氾濫数値解析も実施した．浸水エリア内の微高地に立地する施設では臨時の避難場所の役割を果たしたが，避難者との連携が課題となった．深刻な床上浸水被害を受けた施設では緊急時の職員参集体制，近隣の支援者の確保など，水害を想定した具体的な避難計画の作成が急務であることが明らかとなった．また，災害休業時における雇用対策も事業継続上重要な課題であることがわかった．

Several elderly facilities in Mihara city, Hiroshima Prefecture were damaged by flooding in the Nuta River basin in the the heavy rain event of July 2018. Interview surveys were conducted with staff members of the disaster-affected facilities on the damage situation, evacuation behavior and business continuity after the disaster. In order to confirm the results of the interview surveys, we conducted inundation trace surveys and numerical simulation of river inundation around these facilities. From this result, the followings were found. It was difficult to cooperate with the evacuees at the facilities that served as temporary evacuation sites. There is an urgent need to build an emergency assembly system for staff, secure collaborators at the time of evacuation, and formulate an evacuation security plan for flood damage. Maintaining employment during suspension of business due to the disaster is important for business continuity.

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