臨地実習指導者の達成動機と実習に対する考え方および関連要因の分析

本研究においては臨地実習において効果的な実習指導を遂行するための基礎資料とするため，臨地実習指導者の達成動機と実習に対する考え方および関連要因を分析した．
調査対象は，A 校の実習病院（２施設）の指導者１５２名で，回収数は１３３名，回収率は８８％であったうち，有効回答数は１０６名，有効回答率は７０％であった．
調査は，「臨地実習の考え方」，「達成動機（自己充実的達成動機，競争的達成動機）」について質問紙による留め置き法で調査した．
その結果，１）自己充実的達成動機と経験年数との間に弱い正の相関関係が認められた（r＝０．２１５，p＜０．０５）．２）自己充実的達成動機は，臨地経験年数１０年未満と２０～３０年未満との間では，１０年未満が高く（ANOVA，p＜０．０５），３）実習の考え方の上位群と，中位群・下位群との間では，上位群で達成動機が高いことが明らかにされた（ANOVA，p＜０．０５）．

For a better understanding of clinical instructors (CI)’ perceptions regarding clinical teaching behaviors, this paper examines the relationship between CI’ achievement motive, related factors and ways of thinking about clinical practice of nursing students.
A written questionnaire was completed by 133 CI out of a convenience sample of 152 CI working at two national hospitals as nursing managers or staff nurses who were responsible for the on-site education of nursing students in 3-year nursing diploma programs in 2002. Of the 133 responses, 106 were valid and used in this analysis. Four domains of the CI’s perceptions explored were achievement motive, and interests in clinical training for nursing students, ways of thinking about clinical practice, and perceived problems during clinical education.
The significant findings of this study were as follows : 1 ) There was a weak positive correlation between the years of nursing experience of CI and self-fulfillmentive achievement motive (r=0.215, p<0.05), but no significant correlation with competitive achievement motive ; 2 ) Higher motive for accomplishment of what the instructors personally valued was associated with a more positive CI’ attitudes toward the clinical practice of nursing students, as well as correlating to less than 10 years of nursing experience of the instructors (ANOVA, p<0.05) ; 3 ) The CI who worked as nursing managers including sub-managers and former managers showed higher interest in clinical training for nursing students than staff nurses (ANOVA, p<0.05).