「世間」 に関する一考察 : 日本と中国における「世間」と「世間」から見る恥の文化を中心に

The world“Seken"includes an extremely interesting meaning in that it is a characteristic world of Japanese culture.In contrast to the world“Shakai"that is created as the translated world for society in the Meiji restoration，“Seken" has ambiguous connections including ambiguous meaning.“Seken"is a word of Buddihism in origin， it is generally used to express the human relationship around the family. In Japan，we have made a distinction between human relationships in the family and that of around the family within the community.This distinction likely relates to the restriction of the behavior of the people in the community and formation of the typical“saving face culture" in Japan.The feature within the family members has formed the culture of “excessive reliance within the familiar members" in japan Although it is difficult to find a world that expresses the“Seken"in China，the behavior of the people in Chinese is similar with that in Japan in the aspect of a continual nervousness about neighborhood gossip in the local community.The“Seken"is likely related to the role of family as a unit of organization of the religion for ancestor worship held as a main ceremony of Buddhism in Japan.In the course of changing times，Confucianism and Budddhism have been prohibited in china. In Japan， such ideologies have not been prohibited with exception to Christianity in the Edo period. A long history without prohibition by political power may be the reason why a word with its origin in Biddihism has been generally used in Japan.